Renewable stream energy use

专利摘要:
Abstract The invention provides air wind and streaming water energy use. One application provides wind energy use for water harvesting from natural humid air. The method is based on changing thermodynamic state properties of ambient airborne wind passed through a convergent-divergent system. The device is a water condensation device exposed to humid wind, and having no moving components. The device comprises a cascade of sequentially arranged wind converging and wing-like components. Those components transform the wind into fast, cooled, out-flowing air portions. The inner static pressure and temperature decrease in the air portions. The decrease in static pressure and temperature triggers condensation of water-vapor into water-aerosols. Another application of the method provides an effective mechanism for harvesting electrical energy from naturally warm air using renewable wind energy, including the wind inertia, internal heat, and potential energy stored in the air mass in the Earth's gravitational field. The electrical energy harvesting mechanism is also applicable to use of natural renewable energy of streaming water. Side View 71 Isomtry Fig. 7a 72, 78 71, 77 --- -7 Fig. 7b
公开号:AU2013203399A1
申请号:U2013203399
申请日:2013-04-10
公开日:2013-05-02
发明作者:Yuri Abramov
申请人:Soliton Holdings Corp；
IPC主号:F01D1-02

专利说明:
RENEWABLE STREAM ENERGY USE FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates generally to ecologically clean technology, and, more 5 particularly, to extraction of distilled water from humid air and electricity harvesting by turbine generators. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In most geographic areas prior art water sources and electrical energy 10 producing stations are placed far from the actual utilization point. In such cases, the ability to extract water and produce electricity from air offers a substantial advantage, because there is no need to transport the water and electricity from a distant source to a local storage facility. Moreover, if water and electricity is continuously harvested, local water and electrical energy 15 reserve requirements are greatly reduced. Using a wind turbine to produce electricity and an electrical cooler to produce water condensation on cooled surfaces are known in the art. Such a technique would be practical, if the electricity harvesting were extremely cheap. Today wind power is widely used for the electricity generation; however relatively bulky wind turbines are 20 applied to satisfy the requirements in electrical power. In fact, the use of the bulky wind turbines to convert the kinetic power of natural air wind inertia into electrical power does not provide a cheap enough service. Another reason for water-from-air extraction occurs in those regions of the world where potable water sources are scarce or absent. 25 Given the ubiquitous nature of water in the vapor phase, it is possible to establish a sustainable water supply at virtually any location having air being refreshed, if one can develop a technology that efficiently harvests water from air. Possession of such technology will provide a clear logistical advantage to supply agriculture, industry and townspeople with water and to control 30 ecological conditions. Page 1 of 30 The water condensation process is an exothermal process. I.e., when water is transformed from vapors to aerosols and/or dew, so-called latent-heat is released, thereby heating the aerosols and/or dew drops themselves, as well as the surroundings. The pre-heated aerosols and/or dew drops 5 subsequently evaporate back to gaseous form, thereby slowing down the desired condensation process. Prior Art Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of a classical profile of an airplane wing 10. It is well-known that there is a lift-effect of the airplane wing 10 10, which is a result of the non-symmetrical profile of wing 10. An oncoming air stream 12 flows around the non-symmetrical profile of wing 10, drawing forward the adjacent air due to air viscosity, according to the so-called Coanda-effect. The axis 11 of wing 10 is defined as separating the upper and lower fluxes. Axis 11 of wing 10 and the horizontal direction of the oncoming 15 air flux 12 constitute a so-called "attack angle" 13. Firstly, a lifting-force is defined by attack angle 13, which redirects the flowing wind. Secondly, when attack angle 13 is equal to zero, wing 10, having an ideally streamlined contour, provides that the upper air flux 14 and the lower air flux 15 meet behind wing 10. 20 Both upper air flux 14 and lower air flux 15, flowing around wing 10, are redirected in alignment with wing 10's profile according to the Coanda-effect, and incur changes in their cross-section areas and so are accelerated convectively according to the continuity principle: pSv = Const , where p is the density of flux; v is the flux velocity, and S is the flux cross-section area. As a 25 result, upper air flux 14, subjected to stronger convergence, runs faster, than lower flux 15. According to the Energy Conservation Law written in form of Bernoulli's principle, this results in less so-called static pressure on wing 10 from upper flux 14 than the static pressure from the lower flux 15. If upper flux 14 and lower flux 15 flow around wing 10 laminary, the difference of the static 2 V 30 pressures is defined as AP = Cp-, where AP is the static pressure 2 difference defining the lifting force when attack angle 13 is equal to zero, C is the coefficient, depending on wing 10's non-symmetrical profile, p is the Page 2 of 30 density of the air; and v is the velocity of the air flux relatively to wing 10. In practice, there are also turbulences and vortices of the fluxes, which are not shown here. The general flows, turbulences and vortices result in an air static pressure distribution, particularly, in local static pressure reduction and local 5 extensions of the flowing air. Consider an air portion flowing around wing 10, referring to the Klapeiron-Mendeleev law concerning a so-called hypothetic PV ideal gas state: =nR, where n is the molar quantity of the considered T portion of the gas, P is the gas static pressure, V is the volume of the gas portion, T is the absolute temperature of the gas, and R is the gas constant. 10 There are at least two reasons for changes in the gas state parameters of the air portion flowing around wing 10. First, for relatively slow wind, when the flowing air can be considered as incompressible gas, Gay-Lussac's law for isochoric process bonds the static pressure P with absolute temperature T by the equation = , i.e. decrease of static pressure is accompanied with P T 15 proportional absolute temperature decreasing AT. Second, for wind at higher speeds, running on a non-zero attack angle 13, when the air becomes compressible-extendable, the wind flowing around wing 10 performs work W for the air portion volume extension, wherein the volume extension process is substantially adiabatic. 20 The adiabatic extension results in a change of the portion of gas internal heat energy, accompanied by static pressure reduction and temperature decrease. The work W performed by the wind flowing around wing 10 for the adiabatic process is defined as: W = nCAT, where C, is the heat capacity for an isochoric process, and ATa is the adiabatic temperature decrease of the 25 considered air portion. The value of the adiabatic temperature decrease AT, = T2 -T, is bonded with static pressure reduction by the relation:
T
2 IT, = (P 2 /1)(' )', where P and P are static pressures of the considered air portion before and after the considered adiabatic process correspondingly, and 7 is an adiabatic parameter, which depends on molecular structure of 30 gas, and the value 7 = is a good approximation for nature air. In the final Page 3 of 30 analysis, the air portion of the wind flowing around wing 10 is subjected to convective reduction in its cross-section area that results in acceleration of the air portion according to the equation of continuity wherein, considering substantially horizontal motion of gas, the air potion kinetic energy increase 5 occurs at the expense of the internal heat energy, according to the Energy Conservation Law. Thus, local cooling by both mentioned processes: isochoric and adiabatic pressure reduction, acts in particular, as a water condensation trigger, while the increased kinetic power can be used correspondently for increased electrical power harvesting. 10 Reference is now made to prior art Fig. 1b, a schematic illustration of a convergent-divergent nozzle 1000, also known as the De Laval nozzle, and graphics of distribution of two parameters of gas 101: velocity 150 and static pressure 160 along the length of nozzle 1000. A standard rocket nozzle can 15 be modeled as a cylinder 140 that leads to a constriction 141, known as the "throat", which leads into a widening "exhaust bell" 142 open at the end. High speed, and therefore compressible-extendable hot gas 101 flows through throat 141, where the velocity picks up 151 and the pressure falls 161. Hot gas 101 exits throat 141 and enters the widening exhaust bell 142. It expands 20 rapidly, and this expansion drives the velocity up 152, while the pressure continues to fall 162. The gas absolute temperature distribution along the length of nozzle 1000 (not shown here) is similar to the static pressure distribution 160. 25 Fig. 1c is a prior art table showing figures for weather conditions near the ground and how much water is in the air. Each cell 222 of the table comprises two numbers: upper and lower. The upper numbers show the "absolute humidity" in g/m 3 , i.e. how many grams of water-vapors are in one cubic meter (1m 3 ) of air. The lower numbers show so-called "dew-point" temperature 30 of the air in C. For example, at the air temperature of 35 0 C and relative humidity of 70%, the absolute humidity is 27.7g/m 3 and the dew-point temperature is 28 0 C. Page 4 of 30 Fig. 1d is a prior art schematic representation of a breeze flux 24, crossing through a cube 25 of space, having all the dimensions of 1 m. If, for example, the breeze velocity is given as v = 5m/sec, thereby, considering the described humidity conditions, each second (27.7 x5 = 138.5)gram of water-vapors cross 5 through space cube 25. This means that approximately 12 ton of water vapors crosses space cube 25 per hour. Considering nature tornados, a phenomenon is observed that quickly circulating air triggers condensation of vapor molecules into water-aerosols. 10 There is therefore a need in the art for a system to provide an effective and ecologically clean mechanism for controlled water harvesting from air. Wind energy has historically been used directly to propel sailing ships or conversion into mechanical energy for pumping water or grinding grain. The principal application of wind power today is the generation of electricity. There 15 is therefore a need in the art for a system to provide an effective mechanism for water harvesting from air utilizing nature wind power. On the other hand, the above-mentioned use of wind power for producing electricity is based on methods for converting the energy of the wind inertia into electricity and ignores methods for substantial conversion of the internal 20 heat energy of naturally warm air wind into electricity. For example, a technique to utilize a long vertical converging tube for air wind portions acceleration for increasing the efficiency of the electricity harvesting from air wind, is suggested in US Patent 7,811,048 "Turbine-intake tower for wind energy conversion systems" by Daryoush Allaei. The described method 25 assumes a utilization of a hollow tall tower, for example, higher than 100 or 200 feet, to make a downward air stream, which further blows to a wind turbine placed near the ground. However, it is problematic to accelerate an air flow substantially for at least the two following reasons. First, the long streaming path causes essential skin-friction resistance. And second, 30 undesired drag is expected because the stream is subjected to re-direction several times. There is therefore a further need in the art for a system to provide an effective mechanism for harvesting electrical energy from air using renewable Page 5 of 30 wind energy, including the wind inertia, internal heat, and potential energy stored in the air mass in the Earth's gravitational field. Furthermore, nowadays use of streaming water power for producing electricity is based on methods for converting the energy of the falling water 5 gravitationally accelerated inertia into electricity and ignores methods for substantial conversion of the internal heat energy of naturally warm water into electricity, and so, in particular, it is problematical to produce sufficient amount of electrical power from relatively slow streaming off-shore sea-water waves. There is therefore a further need in the art for a system to provide an effective 10 mechanism for harvesting electrical energy from water using renewable water stream energy, including the water stream inertia, internal heat, and potential energy stored in the air mass in the Earth's gravitational field. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 15 Accordingly, it is a principal object of the present invention to overcome the limitations of existing methods and apparatuses for extracting water from air, and to provide improved methods and apparatus for extracting water from air and for harvesting electrical energy from streaming flow. It is a further object of the present invention to provide methods and 20 apparatus for more reliable water harvesting. It is still a further object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus for ecologically clean harvesting of water, where the forced water condensation from humid air is accomplished by an engine powered by natural wind. 25 It is yet another object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus for a more robust constructive solution without moving parts, where the incoming wind is the only moving component of an engine. It is one further object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus powered by natural wind for blowing around and cooling objects. 30 It is one more object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus for improvement of flying properties of an aircraft. Page 6 of 30 It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus powered by naturally warm wind for harvesting electrical energy from both the mechanic and the internal heat energy of natural air wind. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide methods and 5 apparatus powered by natural wind for harvesting electrical energy from the potential energy stored in the air portion in the Earth's gravitational field. It is one more object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus powered by streaming water for harvesting electrical energy from both the mechanic and the internal heat energy of the streaming water. 10 It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus supplied by a conventional propeller consuming electrical power for making streaming either air or water flow for harvesting electrical energy from both the mechanic and the internal heat energy of the streaming flow and in the final analysis providing positive net-efficiency of the electrical power 15 harvesting. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus, playing role of a converging propeller powered by either burned fuel or electricity for effective trapping either gas or liquid from surroundings wherein the trapping efficiency is achieved at the expense of both the 20 consumed energy and the internal heat energy of the entrapped matter. There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows hereinafter may be better understood. Additional details and advantages of 25 the invention will be set forth in the detailed description, and in part will be appreciated from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. All the above and other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be further understood through the following illustrative and non-limitative 30 description of preferred embodiments thereof. Page 7 of 30 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to understand the invention and to see how it may be carried out in practice, a preferred embodiment will now be described, by way of a non limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the 5 drawings: Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of a classic prior art profile of an airplane wing; Fig. lb is a prior art schematic illustration of a convergent-divergent nozzle and graphics of gas velocity and static pressure distributions along the 10 nozzle length; Fig. 1c is a prior art table-chart, showing weather conditions and how much water-vapors is in air; Fig. 1d is a prior art schematic representation of a breeze flux crossing through a cube of space; 15 Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an ecologically clean passive catcher of water aerosols; Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an ecologically clean water condensation engine, having a set of wing-like components, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 20 Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a horn-tube [converging nozzle] and a water condensation engine, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a construction comprising cascaded horn-tubes as a water condensation device, constructed according 25 to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6a is a schematic illustration of an aggregation of air wind portion converging system and a wind turbine, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6b is a schematic illustration of an aggregation of air wind portion 30 converging and down-redirecting system and a wind turbine, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Page 8 of 30 Fig. 6c is a schematic illustration of an aggregation of a propeller, air flow converging system, and a wind turbine, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 7a is schematic illustration of a side view, cut off, and isometric 5 view of wing, coiled-up in alignment with outer contour of the Archimedes screw, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 7b is schematic illustration of an in-line aggregation of two wings, coiled-up in alignment with outer contour of the Archimedes screw; wherein 10 the first coiled-up wing is subjected to forced rotation around the longitudinal carrier axis at the expense of electrical power consumption, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8a is a schematic representation of a modified profiled horn-tube, supplied by a redirecting duct, constructed according to an exemplary 15 embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8b is a schematic representation of a modified profiled horn-tube, supplied by a cover, redirecting outer wind, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8c is a schematic representation of a modified profiled horn-tube, 20 revolving and converging wind, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8d is a schematic representation of a modified profiled horn-tube revolving portions of wind flowing outside and converging portions of wind flowing within the horn-tube, constructed according to an exemplary 25 embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8e is a schematic representation of a modified profiled horn-tube, having profiled contour comprising scaly fragments with wing-like details, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8f is a schematic drawing showing a horn-like tapering tube, construed 30 from coiled-up wings, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8g is a schematic drawing, showing a cascade of sequentially arranged truncated cones, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Page 9 of 30 Fig. 9a is a schematic drawing of a cascade of scaly horn-tubes, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9b is a schematic drawing of a cascade of wing-like details, converging wide front of oncoming wind, according to an exemplary 5 embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9c is a schematic representation of a construction comprising cascaded horn-tubes and a water condensation device, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9d is a schematic top-view of a water condensation device comprising 10 in-line cascaded converging bells, narrow throat, supplied by two cylindrical chambers, and a diverging bell, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a schematic illustration of rain creation by an aggregation of an airplane and attached sequence of horn-tubes and water condensation device, 15 constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a schematic illustration of a top-view of a constructive solution for redirecting oncoming wind to power by the wind a water condensation device oriented perpendicularly to the origin wind direction, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 20 Fig. 14a is a schematic illustration of a helicopter supplied with attached converging nozzles, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 14b is a schematic illustration of a helicopter supplied with attached converging nozzles and wing-like blades, constructed according to an 25 exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 15a is a schematic illustration of a helicopter supplied with an attached cascade of converging nozzles, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 15b is a schematic illustration of a helicopter supplied with an attached 30 cascade of converging nozzles, having a degree of freedom to be tilted variably, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Page 10 of 30 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The principles and operation of a method and an apparatus according to the present invention may be better understood with reference to the drawings and the accompanying description, it being understood that these drawings 5 are given for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be limiting. Fig. 2 is a top view schematic drawing of an ecologically clean passive catcher 20 of water aerosols. Catcher 20 has a set of wing-like streamlined blades 21 and mirror-reversed wing-like blades 22 for accumulation of 10 naturally condensed dew. When catcher 20 is placed in an open space, humid windy air 23 flows around wing-like blades 21 and 22, wherein air portions acceleration and cooling occur as described hereinabove referring to Fig. 1. Each of wing-like blades 21 and 22 redirects portions of oncoming airflow 23 according to the Coanda-effect, and the shown arrangement of opposite 15 mirror-reversed wing-like blades 21 and 22 results in convergence of air stream 23. Therefore, the resulting air outflow 29 is convectively accelerated according to the equation of continuity. The airflow speed increase is accompanied by the static pressure decrease according to Bernoulli's principle; and the static pressure decrease is bonded with the temperature 20 decrease according to gas state laws. The effects of air portions acceleration and cooling are stronger, if the oncoming wind speed is higher. If weather conditions are such that the temperature of humid windy air 23 is close to so called "dew-point" temperature, drops of dew arise on the surfaces of blades 21 and 22, which are cooled by the flowing air. Catcher 20, however, is not 25 constructed to provide sufficiently effective trapping of condensed water aerosols. The partially dried air flux 29, leaving ecologically clean catcher 20, takes away water aerosols, which are not caught, and water-vapor, which remains in a gaseous state. The described condensation triggering is relatively weak, because the natural breeze velocity is relatively slow. 30 In view of the description referring to Fig. 2, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art, that passive catcher 20 can be supplied by a wind accelerator either converging nozzle and/or propeller to increase productivity of the condensed water-aerosols trapping. Page 11 of 30 Fig. 3 is a top view schematic drawing of a water condensation device 30 exposed to incoming humid wind 33, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Water condensation engine 5 30 comprises stationary profiled curved wing-like blades 31, which act on the incoming air stream, resulting in eddying and the creation of high spin vortices 32. In addition, fresh portions of humid wind 33 make new portions of the circulating vortex in the same space. Assuming that input humid wind 33 is laminar, such a positive feedback loop re-enforces eddies resulting in said 10 creation of high spin vortices 32. Vortices 32 have inherent pressure distribution, wherein inner pressure is lower and outer pressure is higher. An air portion, which is entrapped by one of the high spin vortices 32, is accelerated and decompressed by the vortex. Adiabatically reduced pressure of the air portion is accompanied by decreased air portion temperature 15 according to gas laws. The air cooling stimulates the desired condensation of the water-vapors into water-aerosols. Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a horn-tube converging nozzle 400. Horn-tube converging nozzle 400 is positioned along the incoming wind 44 on 20 its way to a water condensation device 300, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Water condensation engine 300 is not detailed here. In particular, it may be similar to above-described either water condensation device 20 of Fig. 2 or water condensation device 30 of Fig. 3. 25 Horn-tube 400 preferably has a wing-like streamlined profile of walls 48 and substantially different diameters 401 and 402 of open butt-ends: inlet 410 and outlet 420. Use of converging walls having a wing-like varied thickness profile 48 prevents arising of the unwanted turbulences. A flux of humid wind 44 enters horn-tube nozzle 400 at inlet 410 having bigger diameter 401 and 30 comes out through narrow throat outlet 420 having a smaller diameter 402. Wing-like streamlined profile 48 and sufficient length 49 between but-ends 410 and 420 provide the conditions for laminar flow of the flux. Smaller diameter 402 is large enough to prevent substantial brake of oncoming stream 44. According to the continuity equation, the point 45 of the Page 12 of 30 flux crossing throat outlet 420 of smaller diameter 402 experiences higher velocity than the velocity at the flux point 46 near inlet 410 having bigger diameter 401. Thus, assuming incompressible gas, the flux velocity is inversely-proportional to the cross-section area. For example, if inlet 410 5 diameter 401 is 3 times bigger than throat outlet 420 diameter 402, the velocity of output flux at point 45 is 32 =9 times higher than the velocity of the incoming air flux at the point 46. Thus, horn-tube nozzle 400 provides the high speed output air stream 47 desired for input into water condensation device 300. 10 Horn-tube converging nozzle 400 itself may play the role of a water condenser. According to Bernoulli's principle, static pressure P of a convectively accelerated portion of air is reduced. According to the Klapeiron Mendeleev law concerning a hypothetical ideal gas state, and particularly for the case of slow-flowing wind approximated as an incompressible gas, i.e. for P 15 an isochoric process, according to Gay-Lussac's law, = Const, where P is T the static pressure and T is the absolute temperature of the gas portion. This means that in an approximation of ideal gas laws, reduced static pressure P is accompanied by a proportional decrease of the associated air portion's absolute temperature T. The decreased temperature T may trigger the 20 desired water condensation. The exothermal water condensation is a non equilibrium process, and the condensed water and surroundings are warmed. So while the considered air portion remains humid, the temperature of the convectively accelerated air portion is to be not lower than the dew-point temperature, wherein the dew-point temperature itself becomes lower as the 25 air humidity is reduced. In general, to describe the phenomena of ambient wind portion acceleration in a substantially adiabatic process, rather than the hypothetical ideal, considering a real gas, wherein the real gas also causes negative effects of drag and viscous friction, logic based on the Energy Conservation 30 Law is applicable. Accordingly, the original inertia of the ambient wind portion is used for the wind convergence and convective acceleration. Assume that the gas portion, which is subjected to the convergence, propagates substantially horizontally, i.e. with no change of the gas portion potential Page 13 of 30 energy in the Earth's gravitational field. Then the air portion convective acceleration results in partial transformation of the internal heat energy into kinetic energy of the air portion. Assuming compensated turbulences, the drag-force, in particular, is proportional to the cross-section area of the wind 5 redirecting components, and the viscous skin-friction resistance force, in particular, is proportional to the area of all the blown surfaces; and the positive effect of convective acceleration, defined by original inertia of the considered air wind portion, in particular, is proportional to the converged air portion volume. The above-described cross-section and surfaces areas grow 10 proportionally to the square of the increase of the converging system's linear size, and the above-described volume grows proportionally to cube of the increase in the linear size of the converging system. This means that for sufficiently large device dimensions, particularly, outlet 420 size, the above described positive effect becomes substantially stronger than the negative 15 effects. When the above-mentioned negative effects, resulting in slowing of the considered portion of air wind, are weaker than the effect of the convective acceleration, then the outflow turns out to be accelerated and cooled. In view of the description referring to Fig. 4, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art, that horn-tube nozzle 400 configuration can be considered as 20 a wing-like blade coiled-up around a horizontal axis 100. In view of the description referring to Fig. 4, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art, that cooled output air stream 47 may be utilized for blowing around and cooling other objects that are located outside of the profiled horn tube nozzle 400. 25 However, it is not always practical to apply horn-tube nozzle 400, having a large area inlet 410, for incoming wind convective acceleration. It is neither easy nor economical to build a wide horn-tube nozzle 400, for example, having inlet 410 diameter 401 of 30 m and throat outlet 420 diameter 402 of 1 m, that would be sufficiently durable for the case of a strong gust of wind. 30 Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a set 500 of in-line cascaded horn tubes: 510, 520, and 530. Each of horn-tubes 510, 520, and 530 has open butt-ends: inlet, respectively, 511, 521, 531 and throat outlet, respectively, Page 14 of 30 512, 522, 532. Diameter 501 of inlets 511, 521, 531 substantially differs from diameter 502 of throat outlets 512, 522, 532. This cascade, exposed to oncoming humid wind 54, operates as a wind concentration and water condensation engine, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present 5 invention. A flux of humid wind 54 enters profiled horn-tube 510 from inlet 511, having bigger diameter 501, and comes out through throat outlet 512, having smaller diameter 502. Moreover, part of humid wind flux 54 flows around profiled horn-tube 510 forming an outer flowing stream 517. 10 Furthermore, both fluxes: inner flux 516 exiting from narrow throat outlet 512 and outer flux 517 enter cascaded profiled horn-tube 520. Horn-tube 520 transforms both inner flux 516 and outer flux 517 into the resulting flux 526, exiting the narrow throat outlet 522 of profiled horn-tube 520. The velocity of resulting flux 526 is almost double the velocity of flux 516. Next cascaded 15 horn-tube 530 provides yet added fresh outside portions 527 of wind 54 to the resulting re-enforced flux 536, having a cross-section area equal to the area of the narrow throat outlet 532 of horn-tube 530, and having a velocity that is almost triple that of the velocity of flux 516. It is found that, in order to converge a huge portion of air wind, it is 20 preferable to use a set of sequentially cascaded relatively small horn-tubes instead of a single big horn-tube. This provides at least the following advantages. First, nozzles of not-practical large dimensions are not needed and a construction remains reasonably feasible; and secondly, the negative effects of the drag-force and the viscous skin-friction resistance are found to 25 be substantially reduced. Thus, by means of such a cascading of many horn-tubes, it is possible to concentrate a huge front of naturally warm and humid wind into a narrow resulting flux of extra-high velocity. The extra-high velocity of the resulting flux provides extra-cooling further defining high-productive harvesting of 30 condensed water. In view of the foregoing description referring to Fig. 5, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that the aforementioned water condensation device 300 can be arranged behind set 500 of in-line cascaded horn-tubes, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Page 15 of 30 In view of the foregoing description referring to Fig. 5, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that various modifications of horn-tubes may be cascaded to implement a converging system. As well, a set 500 of in-line cascaded horn-tubes can be modified into an unbroken blade, coiled-up 5 around horizontal axis 100 helically in alignment with an outer contour of a screw of Archimedes, that is described herein-below referring to Fig. 7a. In view of the foregoing description referring to Fig. 5, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that extra-high kinetic power of the resulting flux is capable to use for high-productive electrical power harvesting by a wind 10 turbine, wherein in the final analysis, the wind turbine partially transforms both the origin mechanic energy and the internal heat energy of the yet to be converged oncoming flow portion into electrical energy harvested by the wind turbine. 15 Fig. 6a is a schematic illustration of aggregation 601 of an air wind converging system 661 comprising set of sequentially arranged horn-tubes, and wind turbine 811 capable to transform a portion of kinetic energy of a blowing air stream 668 into electrical energy, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Wind turbine 811 comprises 20 wing-like blades 812 attached to blade-grip 813. In this case, wing-like blades 812 are subjected to rotation by converged wind portion 668, streaming through the narrowed cross-section. Optionally one can encapsulate wind turbine 811 into a cylindrical-like shell 814, thereby preventing the cross section of air stream 668 from increasing and thereby from slowing, while the 25 inertia of fast air wind stream 668 forces the rotation of wing-like blades 812. It is preferable, that wing-like blades 812 have big area planes oriented almost in alignment with fast blowing stream 668, in order to provide relatively slow but powerful rotation of blade-grip 813. Such an aggregation of wind converging system 601 and wind turbine 811 has principal advantages. 30 Namely, from the point of view of Energy Conservation Law, the increased kinetic energy is harvested at the expense of the internal heat energy of the converged wind portion. This means that wind turbine 811 is powered not only by the kinetic power of the original inertia of the ambient yet to be converged wind portion, but also by the additional harvested kinetic power. Hence, the Page 16 of 30 expected productivity of the wind turbine 811, which is rotated by fast stream 668, can be increased substantially in comparison with productivity of a wide front wind turbine, which is blown by the same but not converged portion of natural wind. 5 Fig. 6b is a schematic illustration of an aggregation of air wind converging system 602 comprising set of sequentially arranged horn-tubes 663, which have asymmetrical configurations, and wind turbine 811 capable to transform a part of kinetic energy of blowing air stream 669 into electrical energy, 10 constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A principal feature of converging system 663 is that the front of converged air wind portion 64 effectively is higher above the ground than resulting outflowing air stream 669 blowing turbine 811 blades 812. So, both phenomena occur: horizontal convergence and vertical redirection of the air portion 64 subjected 15 to the convergence. According to Bernoulli's principle, the convective acceleration is accompanied by both a decrease in static pressure and a decrease of potential energy stored in the considered air portion mass in the Earth's gravitational field. Therefore, from the point of view of the Energy Conservation Law, air wind portion 64's kinetic energy increase is at the 20 expense of both the internal heat energy and the potential gravitational energy of air wind potion 64. So it is expected, that wind turbine 811 can produce electricity of substantially higher power than a wide-front wind turbine, which is blown by the same but not converged portion 64 of natural wind. Thereby, application of such in-line cascaded asymmetrical horn-tubes provides yet 25 another advantage by avoiding of impractical tall column installation for air portions downward streaming in order to use the air portions potential gravitational energy. In view of the foregoing description referring to Figs. 6a and 6b, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that the described method for the internal 30 heat energy and the potential gravitational energy conversion into the additional kinetic energy is applicable to any gas or liquid having original inertia. For example, this method can be applied for water stream converging to power a hydro (water) turbine destined for electricity generation. Page 17 of 30 Fig. 6c is a schematic illustration of aggregation 603 comprising a converging system 661 and wind turbine 811, similar to aggregation 601 described referring to Fig. 6a, but now supplied by a conventional propeller 665 arranged on the converging system inlet, constructed according to an 5 exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Conventional propeller 665 makes air stream at the expense of power consumption. In particular, the consumed power can be electrical power, or power harvested from burned fuel and measured in the electrical power equivalent. Air stream 616 made by conventional propeller 665 and convectively accelerated results in the stream 10 616 sucking air portions 617 from the outer surrounding according to the Coanda-effect. Further, air portions 617 also are subjected to convergence and convective acceleration. Considering sufficiently strong conventional propeller 665 and rather enlarged converging system 661, and taking into the account that power associated with air stream is proportional to cube of the air 15 stream speed, it becomes reachable a situation, when the consumed power becomes substantially lower than the power harvested by wind turbine 811 from the renewable internal heat power of air. This further allows powering the conventional propeller 665 by a part of the harvested power; hence, the net efficiency of the ecologically clean electricity producing by aggregation 603 20 becomes positive. In view of the foregoing description referring to Fig. 6c, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that the described method for converting internal heat energy into additional kinetic energy and further into electrical energy is applicable to systems in which the original stream of either gas or liquid is 25 made using a conventionally powered propeller. As well, in view of the foregoing description referring to Fig. 6c, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that the described method for converting internal heat energy into additional kinetic energy in order to trigger water-vapors condensation into water-aerosols and water-drops of dew is applicable to systems in which the 30 original stream of humid air wind is made using a conventionally powered propeller. Fig. 7a comprises schematic illustrations of a side view, cut off, and isometric view of wing 71, coiled-up in alignment with outer contour of the Page 18 of 30 Archimedes screw, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. When a classical screw of Archimedes (not shown here) is rotating around its longitudinal axis, it is trapping viscous either gas or liquid from surrounding; and vice versa, when such a screw, which can be rotated 5 freely, is exposed to streaming either gas or liquid, the screw becomes subjected to rotation. Shown coiled-up wing 71, on the one hand, has the mentioned properties of the Archimedes screw, and, on the other hand, has properties of a horn tube to converge oncoming air stream, described hereinbefore referring to Fig. 5. Coiled-up wing 71 overall configuration has an 10 asymmetry around its longitudinal axis that results in the desired rotation of the converged oncoming air stream. Principal advantages are provided, if coiled up wing 71 is implemented in the following exemplary applications. First, coiled-up wing 71 can play role of stationary in-line cascaded horn tubes exposed to humid wind, implemented for water harvesting from air, as 15 described hereinabove referring to Fig. 5. Second, coiled-up wing 71 can be used as a stationary converging system to accelerate natural air wind or water stream in order to increase efficiency of a turbine generator, as it is described hereinabove referring to Fig. 6a. Third, if coiled-up wing 71 is capable to be rotated freely around its 20 longitudinal carrier axis 75, then it can be used as a turbine generator destined for electricity generation. In comparison with the above-mentioned aggregation 601 (Fig. 6a) that preferably should be longer in the direction of wind propagation, the electricity generation system implementation in the form of coiled-up wing 71 is more compact because coiled-up wing 71 plays both 25 roles: of a converging system and of blades subjected to rotation. Fourth, coiled-up wing 71 can be subjected to forced rotation around its longitudinal carrier axis 75, and thereby can be used as either gas or liquid entrapping engine. In contrast to the classical Archimedes screw, rotating coiled-up wing 71 also converges and accelerates the entrapped stream, 30 resulting in that the accelerated stream correspondently sucking the gas or liquid from the outer surrounding according to the Coanda-effect, thereby, increasing substantially the productivity of the engine at the expense of the internal heat energy of the converged gas or liquid correspondently. Such an Page 19 of 30 engine can play role of an effective entrapping propeller and be adapted to a vehicle: either car, or ship, or submarine, or airplane, saving fuel substantially. Fifth, coiled-up wing 71 can play role of a stationary wing-like component attached to a vehicle either airplane or helicopter to improve flying properties 5 of the vehicle. Sixth, coiled-up wing 71, being subjected to forced rotation around longitudinal carrier axis 75, can be oriented vertically (not shown here) such that to entrap upper air and accelerate the air stream in the downward direction, and thereby can be used as a lifting engine. In contrast to Leonardo 10 da Vinci's helicopter lifting engine having a classical air trapping screw of Archimedes, the suggested lifting engine has vertically oriented coiled-up wing 71 simultaneously providing both the air trapping and the air stream converging phenomena. The air stream converging allows to convert the internal heat energy of the warm air of surrounding and potential energy stored 15 in air mass in the Earth's gravitational field into the kinetic energy of downward air stream. Seventh, refer now to Fig. 7b comprising two coiled-up wings 71 and 72, which can be aggregated into an in-line arrangement 70. Wherein coiled-up wing 71 is subjected to forced rotation around longitudinal carrier axis 75 at 20 the expense of electrical power consumption, i.e. coiled-up wing 71 plays the role of a trapping-and-converging propeller 77; while coiled-up wing 72, being capable to be rotated freely around its longitudinal carrier axis 76, is used as a wind turbine destined for electrical power producing, i.e. coiled-up wing 72 plays the role of a wind turbine 78 with converging blades 79. In this case, 25 wind turbine 78 having converging blades 79 is blown by air stream, which is accelerated, on the one hand, at the expense of electrical power consumption by trapping-and-converging propeller 77, and on the other hand, due to convergence, i.e. at the expense of the gas stream internal heat power converting. Considering a sufficiently strong trapping-and-converging propeller 30 77 and rather enlarged coiled-up wings 71 and 72, and taking into the account that power associated with air stream is proportional to cube of the air stream speed, it becomes reachable a situation, when the power harvested by wind turbine 78 becomes substantially higher than the power consumed by Page 20 of 30 trapping-and-converging propeller 77; hence, the net-efficiency of electricity producing by in-line arrangement 70 becomes positive. In view of the foregoing description referring to Figs 7a and 7b, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that the described coiled-up wing can be 5 applicable to many systems using mechanic and internal heat energy of either gas or liquid. In view of the foregoing description referring to Figs 1 - 7, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that many modifications of configured nozzles 10 may be applied to devices destined for stream converging. The following Figs. 8a - 15b illustrate schematically several exemplary modifications. Fig. 8a is a schematic drawing, showing a modified profiled horn-tube 801, 15 similar to the mentioned converging nozzle 400, described referring to Fig. 4, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Modified profiled horn-tube 801 is now supplied by a duct 832, which redirects the inner air stream 871 following through narrow throat 830 to an outlet 831 having a diameter equal to diameter 83 of narrow throat 830, and oriented 20 perpendicular to the outer wind stream 887 direction. Thus, convectively accelerated air stream 871 is redirected to a perpendicular direction and exits as the air stream 872 crossing outer wind stream 887. Outer wind stream 887 sucks exiting air stream 872 according to the Coanda-effect, and this serves to further increase the speed of air stream 871 inside the horn-tube 801. Thereby 25 the redirected out-coming air stream 872 is faster than the output air stream 47, described referring to Fig. 4. Fig. 8b is a schematic illustration of another modified horn-tube 805, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 30 Modified horn-tube 805 is similar to converging nozzle 400, again having the inner walls cosine-like shape 88, similar to inner walls cosine-like shape of walls 48 described referring to Fig. 4, but now supplied by an outer non symmetrical wing-like cover 885, redirecting the outer air stream 888 flowing around wing-like cover 885 past narrow throat outlet 830. Redirected outer air Page 21 of 30 stream 888 sucks the exiting air stream 876 according to the Coanda-effect. Thus, air stream 876 is accelerated by the two mechanisms: convectively by inner walls converging cosine-like shape 88; and by the Coanda-effect sucking, so that exiting air stream 876 is faster than exiting air stream at point 5 47, described above with reference to Fig. 4. Fig. 8c is a schematic representation of a yet further modified profiled horn tube 802, causing a converging as well as revolving wind, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In contrast to 10 converging nozzle 400, described above with reference to Fig. 4, yet further modified profiled horn-tube 802 is provided with stationary blades 821 fixed on a streamlined blade-grip 825, such that stationary blades 821 decline the inner wind stream on an angle 823 from the original direction of incoming wind 84. The declined wind stream is imparted with a rotational moment by the coiled 15 walls of horn-tube 802, and so propagates helically. The helical motion is shown schematically by a helical curve 861. This revolving technique may be cascaded by stationary blades 822, following after stationary blades 821, and having a declining angle 824 bigger than preceding angle 823. Thus, by cascading such stationary blades, it becomes 20 possible to create an air stream having a spiral motion of relatively short steps between the trajectory coils. The spiral trajectory, which accomplishes laminar spiral convectively flowing motion of air portions, allows for a reduced length 890 of converging segment 88 of modified profiled horn-tube 802 compared to length 49 described above with reference to Fig. 4. Inlet 820 has diameter 82. 25 If converging segment 88 of modified profiled horn-tube 802 is the same as converging nozzle 400 described above with reference to Fig. 4, then, assuming an incompressible gas, the spiral motion of air in the converging segment of modified profiled horn-tube 802 has the same velocity of forward 30 air movement as the velocity of air flowing forward through the converging nozzle 400 described above with reference to Fig. 4, according to the continuity equation. The added spin motion provides for two accelerations: a centripetal acceleration for changing the velocity direction and a convective acceleration Page 22 of 30 for increasing an absolute value of the velocity with maintaining the same convective forward motion. The resulting air stream 873, exiting from modified profiled horn-tube 802 throat 830 and entering water condensation device 81, has both components of convectively accelerated motion: forward and 5 spinning. [Water condensation device 81 is not detailed here. In particular, it may be similar to above-described either water condensation device 20 of Fig. 2 or water condensation device 30 of Fig. 3.] This combined convective acceleration is at the expense of potential energy of the convectively moving air portion, and so it is accompanied by air portion static pressure reduction, 10 according to Bernoulli's principle and decreasing temperature according to Gay-Lussac's law. Moreover, the spinning motion is accompanied inherently by adiabatic radial redistribution of static pressure, wherein local static pressure near the rotation axis is lower. Thus, air portions which are near the rotation axis are also cooled adiabatically. The decreased temperature 15 triggers water condensation. In view of the description referring to Fig. 8c, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art, that many kinds of constructive solutions might be applied alternatively to guide blades 821 and 822 and streamlined blade-grip 825 to achieve the desired spinning feature. 20 In view of the description referring to Fig. 8c, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art, that cooled blade-grip 825, further supplied by a heat conductor (not shown here), may be applied for cooling other objects that are located outside of the profiled horn-tube 802. 25 Fig. 8d is a schematic representation of a modified profiled horn-tube 806, having revolving portions of wind flowing outside and converging portions of wind flowing within, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In contrast to the trivial profiled horn-tube converging nozzle 400 described above with reference to Fig. 4, modified profiled horn-tube 806 is 30 provided with stationary wing-like blades 882, which are arranged externally. Wing-like blades 882 redirect the outer portions of wind, whose forward motion is converged in alignment with cosine-like profile contour 88. Again, horn-tube 806 has length 89. Page 23 of 30 The resulting trajectories of the wind portions emanating from oncoming wind 84, and flowing outside horn-tube 806, are helical curves 862, having forward, revolving and converging components of motion. The revolving component of the outer wind portions behind throat outlet 830 is shown schematically by the 5 circulating arrows 866. Revolving air 866 has lower static pressure in the center of the rotation. This reduced static pressure behind throat outlet 830 sucks-out convectively accelerated inner portions of air, thereby accelerating the exiting stream 874. As a result, exiting stream 874 is faster than exiting stream 47, which is described above with reference to Fig. 4. 10 Fig. 8e is a schematic illustration of a newly modified profiled horn-tube 803, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Newly modified profiled horn-tube 803 does not have a completely solid cosine-like contour 88, but instead incorporates scaly fragments comprising wing-like 15 details 883, which provide for additional portions 863 of flowing air to enter between wing-like details 883 into the inner space of newly modified horn-tube 803. The phenomenon can be considered to effectively provide a squaring increase of oncoming flux front 84, such that the effective area of oncoming flux front 20 84, being subject to convective acceleration, is wider than the area of the cross-section enclosed by wide inlet 820 having bigger diameter 82. The portion of oncoming flux 84, increased by additional portion 863, being under inner convective acceleration, further increases the speed of the output air stream 870, past diameter 83 of narrow throat 830, according to the continuity 25 equation. Thus, output air stream 870 is faster than output air stream 47, described above with reference to Fig. 4. Fig. 8f is a schematic illustration of a cascade 804 of coiled-up wings 884, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Such 30 construction results in a rapidly exiting narrow air stream 875, by converging a wide front of oncoming wind 84, wherein the effective area of the oncoming front is wider than the area of the circular cross-section, which is enclosed by wide inlet 820 of cascade 804 of coiled-up wings 884. Page 24 of 30 Fig. 8g is a schematic illustration of a cascade of sequentially arranged truncated cones 807 operating as a water condensation device, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. All of sequentially arranged truncated cones 807 have inlets 827 having cross 5 sections of equal diameters 82, and each succeeding truncated cone 807 has an outlet cross-section narrower than the outlet cross-section of previous truncated cone 807, such that the last truncated cone's outlet 837 is of the smallest diameter 83. Such construction results in a rapidly exiting narrow air stream 878 by converging a wide front of oncoming wind 84, wherein an 10 effective area of the oncoming front is wider than the area of the cross-section enclosed by the first of inlets 827 of sequentially cascaded truncated cones 807. Convectively accelerated and thereby cooled outgoing air stream 878 emits droplets of condensed water 899. 15 Fig. 9a is a schematic illustration of a cascade of scaly horn-tubes 900, 20 901, and 902, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In contrast to aforementioned in Fig. 5 profiled horn-tubes 510, 520, and 530 having solid contours, horn-tubes 900, 901, and 902 have scaly contours, comprising cascaded wing-like details 904. Such a construction provides a wide converging front of oncoming wind 905 into a 25 narrow fast outgoing stream 909. Fig. 9b is a schematic illustration of an arrangement 910 of cascaded wing-like details 911 and cascaded mirror-reversed wing-like details 912, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 30 In particular, an individual wing-like detail 921 is a constituent of cascaded wing-like details 911 and an individual mirror-reversed wing-like detail 922 is a constituent of cascaded mirror-reversed wing-like details 912. So-called lifting forces, shown here as the vectors 931 and 932, act from the flowing portions 941 and 942 of the oncoming wind 950 on streamlined opposite wing-like Page 25 of 30 details 921 and 922 correspondingly. According to the Third Law of Newton, the opposite wing-like details 921 and 922 act to corresponding portions 941 and 942 of the flowing wind in opposite directions. Thus, the opposite exemplary wing-like details 921 and 922, and, in 5 general, 911 and 912, act on oncoming wind 950 converging air stream front into a narrow and fast outgoing air stream 990. Such an aggregation of opposite wing-like details 911 and 912 operates as a water condensation device by accelerating humid air streams, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. It will be evident to a person skilled in 10 the art, that opposite wing-like details 911 and 912 may be implemented by the coiling-up of wings. Fig. 9c is a schematic illustration of the aforementioned water condensation device 81, arranged behind cascaded profiled horn-tubes 90, 91 15 and 92, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In this case the high-speed air flux 99 provides a highly efficiency water condensation device 81. It is important that the size of each cascaded profiled-tube may be commensurate with the size of water condensation device 81 in order for the construction to remain reasonably feasible. 20 In view of the foregoing description referring to Fig. 9c, it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that various modifications of engines, operating on natural wind power and destined for various purposes, may be applied instead of water condensation device 81. For example, a so-called wind turbine destined for electricity generation may be arranged behind the cascaded horn 25 tubes, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9d is a schematic top-view of a water condensation device 950, comprising in-line, cascaded, converging bells 951, 952, and 953, a narrow throat 956 supplied by two closed cylindrical chambers 955, and a diverging 30 bell 954. The in-line cascaded converging bells 951, 952, and 953 concentrate and accelerate the oncoming wind, reaching the narrow throat 956. The fast air stream flows around rounded blades 957 sucking air from and blowing air portions into chambers 955 in a positive feedback loop, that results in fast rotating and permanently refreshing vortices, shown Page 26 of 30 schematically by short arrows within chambers 955. The vortices created have inherent pressure distribution, wherein inner pressure is lower and outer pressure is higher. Adiabatically reduced pressure of the air portion is accompanied by decreasing temperature. Air cooling near the centers of 5 vortices stimulates the desired condensation of water vapors into aerosols. There are water catchers 958 at the centers of the vortices rotation. Also, dew arises on the surfaces of blades 957. 10 Fig. 11 is a schematic illustration of an airplane 110, having an attached construction 111, which is similar to the apparatus described with reference to Fig. 9c, and constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Such an aggregation may be applied for effective extracting rain 112 from air in order to extinguish forest fires. 15 Fig. 12 is a schematic top-view of a constructive solution 120 for the in-line cascaded profiled horn-tubes 124 and water condensation device 81, which are similar to the construction described above with reference to Fig. 9c, but in Fig. 12 the orientation is perpendicular to the direction of side-wind 121, 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The stationary profiled wing-like blades 122 are added to redirect side-wind 121 according to the Coanda-effect. The air flux 123 is redirected to substantially coincide with the direction of in-line cascaded horn-tubes 124. Constructive solution 120 operates efficiently for wind directions either along or 25 perpendicular to in-line cascaded profiled horn-tubes 124. 30 Fig. 14a is a schematic illustration of helicopter 143 supplied with attached convergent-divergent nozzle 144 having a form of a big horn-tube with a wide upper inlet, narrow throat, and widened lower outlet, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Such an aggregation concentrates air stream 145 originally sucked by helicopter 143's propeller Page 27 of 30 155. The convergent-divergent nozzle 144 causes also sucking of air portions, which flow outside of nozzle 144 according to the Coanda-effect, thereby increasing mass of air 158, which is blown under helicopter 143. The concentrated downward air stream 146 out-flowing from the convergent 5 divergent nozzle 144's outlet has higher speed, reduced static pressure, and decreased temperature, relatively to originally sucked air stream 145. This is according to well-known investigations of compressible-expandable gas convective motion, described hereinbefore in view of rocket nozzle 100 with reference to prior art Fig. 1b. The cooled air stream 146 may trigger off 10 condensation of water-vapor into rain-drops 147. Such an aggregation may be applied for effective extracting rain-drops 147 from air, for example, in order to extinguish forest fires. Fig. 14b is a schematic illustration of helicopter 143 having attached convergent-divergent nozzle 144 further supplied with stationary wing-like 15 blades 148 redirecting air stream 145's portions 149, which are sucked by helicopter 143's propeller 155 and flowing outside of convergent-divergent nozzle 144. The redirected air portions 149 get a rotation motion, according to the Coanda-effect. The rotation motion is shown here schematically by circulating arrows 153. The convectively accelerated downward air stream 146 20 is sucked-out by the rotating air portions 149 and, therefore, gets addition acceleration. A mini-tornado, formed thereby, triggers off condensation of water-vapor into rain-drops 147. it will be evident to a person skilled in the art, that air stream portions, which flow inside of convergent-divergent nozzle 144, can be also forced to be rotated by arranging inner blades (not shown here) 25 that may improve the mini-tornado useful properties. Fig. 15a is a schematic illustration of helicopter 143 supplied with an attached cascade of relatively small converging and diverging nozzles 154, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 30 In contrast to bulky and unwieldy convergent-divergent nozzle 144 described with reference to Fig. 14a, the substantially compact cascade of converging and diverging nozzles 154 may provide a stronger air stream concentration effect and, thereby, more efficient condensation of water-vapors into rain drops 147. Page 28 of 30 Negative and positive lift-effects can be defined for an aggregation, comprising helicopter 143 supplied by an attached air stream converging system such as 144 (Fig. 14a) or 154 (Fig. 15a). So, the negative lift-effect is defined by added mass, drag, and skin-friction area, and the positive lift-effect is defined 5 by an air stream convective acceleration and by an increased mass of air 158, which is blown under helicopter 143. The negative lift-effect of the attached cascade of small converging and diverging nozzles 154 is weaker than the negative lift-effect of the attached convergent-divergent nozzle 144 (Fig. 14a) because of relatively reduced 10 mass, drag, and skin-friction resistance. At the same time, the positive lift effect of the attached cascade of small converging and diverging nozzles 154 may be stronger than the positive lift-effect of the attached convergent divergent nozzle 144 (Fig. 14a) as a wider front of the downward air stream may be converged by nozzles 154. The positive lift-effect of converging 15 system either 144 (Fig. 14a) or 154 (Fig. 15a), which is defined by an air stream convective acceleration, may be explained from a mechanics point of view as well as from the Energy Conservation Law point of view. From the mechanics point of view, in this case the downward air stream is convectively accelerated according to the equation of continuity, and therefore enforces the 20 lift-effect according to the Newton's Third Law. And from the Energy Conservation Law point of view, a certain amount of a cooled air portion's internal potential energy is transformed into the additional kinetic energy of the downward air stream according to Bernoulli's principle and the gas state laws. The additional kinetic energy of the downward air stream defines the positive 25 lift-effect. Fig. 15b is a schematic illustration of helicopter 143 supplied with an attached cascade of converging and diverging nozzles 156 further modified to provide a degree of freedom to be tilted variably, constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Such a degree of freedom 30 provides an improved mobility of helicopter 143 due to diverting downward air streams 157 and 158 from the vertical direction. Page 29 of 30 DRAWINGS It should be understood that the hereinafter sketched exemplary embodiments are merely for purposes of illustrating the teachings of the present invention and should in no way be used to unnecessarily narrow the 5 interpretation of or be construed as being exclusively definitive of the scope of the claims which follow. It is anticipated that one of skill in the art will make many alterations, re-combinations and modifications to the embodiments taught herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. Page 30 of 30

权利要求:
Claims (29)
[1] 1. An aggregate exposed to oncoming flow; said aggregate partially transforming both the kinetic energy and the internal heat energy of said oncoming flow into the electrical energy; wherein said aggregate comprises a stream concentration device and turbine generator; wherein said turbine generator comprises blades subjected to rotation by said oncoming flow and is capable to harvest the electrical energy from the kinetic energy of said oncoming flow; and wherein said stream concentration device comprises a set of sequentially cascaded horn-tubes; wherein said set comprises at least two said cascaded horn-tubes, and wherein each said cascaded horn-tube having two open butt ends: inlet and outlet, and having a form of a converging nozzle with varying cross-section area; and wherein said sequentially cascaded horn-tubes are oriented such that said oncoming flow portion enters said inlets and proceeds within said cascaded horn-tubes to said outlets; and wherein said outlet is defined as the last of said outlets on the flow propagation way; wherein the original front is defined as a front of said oncoming flow yet to be converged; and wherein an effective inlet area is defined as an area of said original front of said flowing stream portion that enters said cascaded horn-tubes; and wherein a throat of said set of cascaded horn-tubes is defined as a fragment of said set of sequentially cascaded horn-tubes, wherein said fragment has the minimal said varying cross-section area; wherein said throat minimal cross-section area differs from said effective inlet area at least doubly; and wherein said converging cross-section of said cascaded horn-tubes forces said flowing stream portion to reduce in said stream cross-section area, in particular, resulting in the following phenomena: (a) increase of said flowing stream velocity and density such that the multiplication of values of said stream velocity and said stream Page 1 of 11 density is inversely-proportional to said reduced stream cross-section area according to the equation of continuity, (b) decrease of the static pressure of said accelerated flowing stream portion according to Bernoulli's principle, and (c) partial transformation of the internal heat energy into kinetic energy of said flowing stream portion thereby increasing the kinetic energy of said stream portion according to the Energy Conservation Law; wherein further, said accelerated flowing stream portion powers said blades of said turbine generator; wherein said turbine generator partially transforms said increased kinetic energy of said flowing stream portion correspondently into increased harvested electrical energy, thereby in the total analysis, resulting in partial transformation of both the kinetic energy and the internal heat energy of said yet to be converged oncoming flow portion into electrical energy harvested by said turbine generator.
[2] 2. The aggregate of claim 1; wherein the height of said cross-section is defined as the mean height above the world ocean level for all said cross-section points; and wherein the gravitational potential energy of said flowing stream portion is defined as the kind of energy stored in said flowing stream portion mass in the Earth's gravitational field; and wherein said set of sequentially cascaded horn-tubes having such a configuration and arrangement that said height of said flowing stream portion original front cross-section is higher than said set's outlet cross-section height, and so, according to Bernoulli's principle said flowing stream portion at said set's outlet has higher speed and lower gravitational potential energy; whereby in the total analysis, said aggregate further partially transforms said gravitational potential energy of said yet to be converged and redirected oncoming flowing stream portion into electrical energy. Page 2 of 11
[3] 3. The aggregate of claim 1, wherein said oncoming flow is natural renewable air wind flowing through and around said aggregate, and wherein said turbine generator is a wind turbine.
[4] 4. The aggregate of claim 1, wherein said oncoming flow is natural renewable streaming water flowing through and around said aggregate, and wherein said turbine generator is a hydro turbine.
[5] 5. The aggregate of claim 1, wherein said set of sequentially cascaded horn-tubes is further modified into an unbroken blade, coiled-up around of a coil-axis helically in alignment with the outer contour of the Archimedes screw, and wherein said coiling-up is such that substantially free space remains between said coiled-up unbroken blade and said coil-axis; wherein said free space having cross-section area varying along said coil-axis.
[6] 6. The aggregate of claim 1, wherein said aggregate is further supplied by a propeller powered by at least one of burned fuel and electricity, and wherein said oncoming flow is made by said propeller, and whereby the net-efficiency of electrical power producing by said aggregate is defined by difference between power harvested by said turbine generator and power consumed by said propeller.
[7] 7. A converging screw; wherein a streamlined wing-like blade is defined as a spatial-configuration having an asymmetrical streamlined contour, and wherein the upper side of said contour is longer than the lower side of said contour and a lifting force, acting on said streamlined wing-like blade from a streaming flow, is directed upward; and wherein said converging screw comprises a carrier axis and at least one coiled-up said streamlined wing-like blade attached to said carrier axis; and wherein said coiling-up has at least one helical-like turn around said carrier axis such that said helical-like contour is in alignment with the outer contour of the Archimedes screw, and wherein said coiling-up is such that said lower side of Page 3 of 11 said streamlined wing-like blade is turned into said carrier-axis, and wherein said coiling-up is such that substantially free space remains between said coiled-up wing-like blade and said carrier axis; wherein said free space having cross-section area varying along said carrier axis.
[8] 8. The converging screw of claim 7, wherein said coiled-up streamlined wing-like blade is capable to be subjected to forced rotation around said carrier axis, wherein said rotation is powered by at least one of burned fuel and electricity; and wherein said converging propeller is applied to trapping of ambient matter; wherein said matter is at least one of gas and liquid; and wherein said entrapped portion of said at least one of gas and liquid forms a flow streaming through said free space having varying cross-section area and whereby said flow is subjected to convergence resulting in said flow convective acceleration accompanied by increased sucking of said ambient matter according to the Coanda-effect and thus increasing productivity of said trapping at the expense of internal heat energy of said converged flow according to the Energy Conservation Law.
[9] 9. The converging screw of claim 7, wherein said coiled-up streamlined wing-like blade is capable to be subjected to forced rotation around said carrier axis, wherein said rotation is powered by ambient oncoming flow; and wherein said flow is at least one of air wind and streaming water; and wherein a portion of said flow passes through said free space having varying cross-section area and so said flow is subjected to convergence accompanied by partial transformation of the internal heat energy into additional kinetic energy of said flow portion according to the Energy Conservation Law; and wherein said converging screw is applied to a turbine generator for electricity producing, thereby in the final analysis, said turbine generator partially transforms both the origin kinetic energy and the internal heat energy of said yet to be converged oncoming flow portion into the electrical energy harvested by said turbine generator. Page 4 of 11
[10] 10. An ecologically clean passive catcher of water-aerosols, wherein a streamlined wing-like blade is defined as a spatial-configuration having an asymmetrical streamlined contour, and wherein the upper side of said contour is longer than the lower side of said contour; and wherein said passive catcher comprising a set of at least two asymmetrically arranged stationary wing-like blades being exposed to humid wind bringing saturated water-vapors; wherein said asymmetrically arranged wing-like blades are oriented to act on said humid wind resulting in local varying of arriving air portions propagation direction and shape, wherein said varying shape having varying cross-section, thereby said varying direction and said varying cross-section providing local convective acceleration of said arriving air portions, wherein said local convective acceleration is accompanied by a local decrease in static pressure according to Bernoulli's principle; wherein said local decrease in static pressure is bonded with a local temperature decrease according to the gas state laws; such that said local temperature decrease triggers off condensation of said saturated water-vapors into water-aerosols and drops of dew, and said drops of dew collect upon surfaces of said asymmetrically arranged wing-like blades.
[11] 11. The ecologically clean passive catcher of water-aerosols of claim 10, wherein at least two of said asymmetrically arranged wing-like blades are further curved causing said arriving air portions eddying and vortices having an inherent inner gas static pressure decrease.
[12] 12. A stream concentration aggregate exposed to flow, said stream concentration aggregate comprising at least two opposite wing-like blades, wherein a lifting force is defined as acting from said flowing stream on a streamlined wing, and wherein said at least two opposite wing-like blades are arranged such that said flowing stream acts with said lifting force on each of said at least two opposite wing-like blades, wherein said lifting forces are directed in opposite directions, thereby pushing away said at least two opposite Page 5 of 11 wing-like blades from each other; and, according to Newton's Third Law, said opposite wing-like blades act to said flowing stream with forces pushing said flowing stream into an overall shape having narrowed cross-section thereby said aggregate results in said flowing stream converging.
[13] 13. The stream concentration aggregate of claim 12, wherein said flow is at least one of air wind and streaming water.
[14] 14. A stream concentration device exposed to oncoming flow; wherein a streamlined wing is defined as a spatial-configuration having an asymmetrical streamlined contour, and wherein the upper side of said contour is longer than the lower side of said contour and a lifting force, acting on said streamlined wing from said streaming flow, is directed upward; and wherein said stream concentration device comprises at least one coiled-up said streamlined wing, and wherein said coiled-up streamlined wing has at least one turn around the coil-axis directed substantially along the direction of said oncoming flow, and said coiling-up is such that said lower side of said streamlined wing is turned into said coil-axis, and wherein said coiled-up streamlined wing converges said oncoming flow into said coil-axis.
[15] 15. The stream concentration device of claim 14, wherein said coiled-up streamlined wing has at least one turn in form of at least one of circle-like, ellipse-like, helical-like, spiral of Archimedes, and outer contour of the Archimedes screw.
[16] 16. The stream concentration device of claim 14, wherein said coiled-up streamlined wing further has at least one divergent fragment.
[17] 17. The stream concentration device of claim 14, wherein said flow is at least one of air wind and streaming water.
[18] 18. The stream concentration device of claim 14; Page 6 of 11 wherein said stream concentration device is further supplied by a propeller powered by at least one of burned fuel and electricity, and wherein said oncoming flow is a humid air stream, wherein said humid air stream is made by said propeller; and wherein said converging of said air stream by said coiled-up streamlined wing results in the following phenomena: said converging stream convective acceleration according to the equation of continuity, and said converging air stream static pressure decrease according to Bernoulli's principle, and said converging air stream internal heat energy reduction according to the Energy Conservation Law, and hence, said converging air stream cooling, and whereby triggering of condensation of water-vapor into at least one of water-aerosols and water-drops of dew.
[19] 19. An ecologically clean wind concentration device exposed to humid wind bringing water-vapors, said wind concentration device comprises a cascade of at least two sequentially arranged profiled horn-tubes; wherein each of said profiled horn-tubes has two open butt-ends differing in the cross-section area at least on 0.5 per cent; wherein each of said at least two sequentially arranged profiled horn-tubes is oriented such that the direction from said bigger cross-section butt-end to said smaller cross-section butt-end is substantially the same as the direction of said humid wind; wherein said humid wind comprises the first air stream flowing around the first of said at least two profiled horn-tubes, wherein each previous said profiled horn-tube transforms the previous oncoming air stream into the next said oncoming air stream flowing around the next of said at least two sequentially arranged profiled horn-tubes; wherein an inner portion is defined for each said profiled horn-tube as a portion of said oncoming air stream, and said inner portion enters said bigger cross section butt-end of said associated profiled horn-tube; and an outer portion is defined for each said profiled horn-tube as a portion of said oncoming air stream, and said outer portion flows around the outer side of said associated profiled horn-tube; Page 7 of 11 wherein said inner portion proceeds to said smaller cross-section butt-end within said profiled horn-tube, such that the narrowing cross-section of said profiled horn-tube forces said inner portion to reduce said stream cross-section area and, according to the continuity equation, to increase the velocity of said stream, said increase being inversely proportional to said reduced area of said stream cross-section, thereby forming an inner faster out-flowing stream; wherein said outer portion proceeds to said smaller cross-section butt-end of said profiled horn-tube in alignment with the outside profile of said profiled horn tube, whereby forming an outer out-flowing portion of said humid wind stream, and according to the Coanda suction effect drawing forward fresh outer adjacent air portions of said humid wind, thereby forming an addition fresh out flowing stream; such that the three streams: said inner fast out-flowing stream, said outer out flowing stream, and said fresh out-flowing stream - together form the next said oncoming air stream, and wherein the two said streams: said inner fast out-flow and said outer out-flow form the next inner portion of said next oncoming air stream, wherein said next inner portion is effectively faster than the previous said inner portion, and said fresh out-flow forms the next said outer portion of said next oncoming air stream; wherein said inner portion of the last said oncoming air stream, out-flowing from the last of said at least two sequentially arranged profiled horn-tubes, comprises a fast out-flowing air flux; such that said first oncoming air stream of said humid wind is transformed into said fast out-flowing air flux according to the continuity equation, wherein the static pressure of said fast out-flowing air flux is reduced relatively to the static pressure of said first oncoming air stream according to Bernoulli's principle and the temperature of said fast out-flowing air flux is decreased relatively to the temperature of said first oncoming air stream as said reduction in the static pressure is bonded with said decrease of the temperature according to the gas state laws; thereby said humid wind flows around said cascade of at least two sequentially arranged profiled horn-tubes and is transformed into said cooled fast out-flowing air flux; Page 8 of 11 wherein the decreased temperature of said cooled fast out-flowing air flux triggers off condensation of said water-vapors into water-aerosols and drops of dew; such that said drops of dew collect on the inner surfaces of said wind concentration device.
[20] 20. The ecologically clean wind concentration device of claim 19, wherein at least one of said profiled horn-tubes further has at least one scaly fragment comprising wing-like scale-details, said wing-like scale-details provide that additional portions of flowing said humid wind enter between said wing-like scale-details into the inner space of said at least one of said profiled horn-tubes.
[21] 21. The ecologically clean wind concentration device of claim 19, wherein at least one said profiled horn-tube further comprises at least one stationary wing like blade, such that said at least one stationary wing-like blade forces portions of flowing said humid wind to get a rotation and to proceed on a helical trajectory.
[22] 22. The ecologically clean wind concentration device of claim 19, wherein said wind concentration device is attached to an aircraft, wherein said wind is defined as an air stream blowing and flowing around said aircraft.
[23] 23. The ecologically clean wind concentration device of claim 19, further comprising at least one profiled horn-tube having a divergent fragment.
[24] 24. The ecologically clean wind concentration device according to claim 19, wherein said fast out-flowing air flux having said decreased temperature is utilized for blowing around and cooling objects occupying place outside of said wind concentration device.
[25] 25. The ecologically clean water condensation device exposed to humid wind bringing water-vapors; said water condensation device comprises the wind concentration device of claim 19 and a set of profiled details; Page 9 of 11 wherein said humid wind comprises an oncoming air stream flowing around said wind concentration device, wherein said oncoming air stream has a cross section area bigger than the cross-section area of said wind concentration device; wherein said bigger cross-section area is bigger than said cross-section area of said wind concentration device at least on 1 percent; wherein said wind concentration device sucks said oncoming air stream according to Coanda-effect, thereby forming a fast out-flowing air flux according to the continuity equation, wherein static pressure of said fast out-flowing air flux is reduced relatively to static pressure of said oncoming air stream according to Bernoulli's principle and the temperature of said fast out-flowing air flux is decreased relatively to the temperature of said oncoming air stream according to the gas state laws, wherein said temperature decrease triggers off condensation of said water-vapors into water-aerosols, wherein said cooled fast out-flowing air flux comes-and-hits upon said set of profiled details; wherein said set of profiled details acts on said cooled fast out-flowing air flux causing convective acceleration of air portions and air portions eddying and vortices, wherein said accelerated air portions and air portions eddying and vortices have an inherent inner gas static pressure decrease; wherein said decrease in static pressure is bonded with a further temperature decrease according to the gas state laws; said temperature decrease triggers off condensation of said water-vapors into water-aerosols and drops of dew, and such that said drops of dew collect upon surfaces of said profiled details.
[26] 26. An air stream concentration device attached to an helicopter and exposed to downward air stream blown by a propeller of said helicopter, wherein said stream concentration device comprises at least one profiled horn tube, wherein said profiled horn-tube, having two open butt-ends: inlet and outlet, and having a form of a converging nozzle with varying cross-section Page 10 of 11 area; wherein a throat of said profiled horn-tube is defined as a fragment of said horn-tube having the minimal cross-section area; wherein said throat minimal cross-section area differs from the cross-section area of said inlet at least on 5 per cent, and wherein said at least one profiled horn-tube is oriented such that said oncoming downward air stream enters said inlet and proceeds to said outlet within said profiled horn-tube, wherein said converging cross-section of said profiled horn-tube forces said downward air to reduce in said stream cross section area, to increase in said stream velocity in inverse proportion to said reduced stream cross-section area according to the continuity equation, and to decrease in gas static pressure of said accelerated downward air according to Bernoulli's principle, wherein said decrease in gas static pressure is bonded with a temperature decrease according to the gas state laws; said temperature decrease triggers off condensation of said water-vapors into water-aerosols and rain-drops.
[27] 27. The air stream concentration device of claim 26, further comprising at least one profiled horn-tube having a divergent fragment.
[28] 28. The air stream concentration device of claim 26, wherein said at least one profiled horn-tube further supplied by stationary wing-like blades redirecting said air stream resulting in rotation of said downward air stream, thereby forcing said air stream to proceed on a helical trajectory.
[29] 29. The air stream concentration device of claim 26, wherein said at least one profiled horn-tube further has a degree of freedom to be tilted variably, whereby providing an improved mobility of said helicopter due to diverting said downward air stream from the vertical direction. Page 11 of 11

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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AU2013203399B2|2014-07-10|

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GB2505076B|2017-01-25|

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JP5829694B2|2015-12-09|

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GB2505076A|2014-02-19|

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WO2012078165A3|2013-07-04|

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GB201312210D0|2013-08-21|

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WO2012078165A2|2012-06-14|

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JP2014508634A|2014-04-10|

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法律状态:
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PCT/US2010/059786|WO2012078165A2|2010-12-10|2010-12-10|Wind energy use for water harvesting from air|

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AUPCT/US2010/059786||2010-12-10||

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PCT/IB2011/055292|WO2012077009A2|2010-12-10|2011-11-24|Renewable stream energy use|

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